Outage highlights blockchain’s reliance on centralized networks and sparks momentum for decentralized internet infrastructure
Afghanistan’s nationwide internet blackout has reignited debate over the centralization risks within the global blockchain ecosystem. Despite being built on decentralization principles, major blockchain networks still depend heavily on centralized internet providers — a vulnerability exposed when Afghanistan’s connectivity went dark for nearly 48 hours earlier this month.
The incident, which disrupted access for roughly 13 million citizens, demonstrated how government control or technical failures can undermine blockchain’s promise of censorship resistance.
A Wake-Up Call for Blockchain’s Infrastructure Weakness
According to early reports, the outage was initially attributed to “technical issues” involving fiber optic cables. However, several experts suspect a deliberate shutdown ordered by Afghanistan’s Taliban-led administration, reflecting the fragility of centralized connectivity systems.
“The Afghanistan blackout is not just a regional connectivity crisis — it’s a wake-up call,” said Michail Angelov, co-founder of decentralized WiFi project Roam Network. “When connectivity is monopolized by a handful of centralized providers, the promise of blockchain can collapse overnight.”
Similar scenarios have unfolded elsewhere. Iran, for example, restricted access to international internet services for nearly two weeks in June, forcing citizens to rely on proxy networks and offline tools to maintain communication.
World Mobile, operating in more than 20 countries, reports over 2.3 million daily active users and nearly $9.8 million in monthly network revenue, distributed among node operators and stakers. Meanwhile, Helium Network connects 112,000 hotspots across 190 countries, rewarding participants in HNT tokens for expanding coverage.
DePIN Projects Step In With Decentralized Solutions
The blackout has accelerated discussions around decentralized physical infrastructure networks (DePIN) — blockchain-powered systems that distribute internet connectivity through peer-to-peer, community-driven frameworks.
Projects like Roam Network, World Mobile, and Helium are leading efforts to build wireless networks independent of centralized ISPs. Roam’s upcoming eSIM technology will allow smartphones to automatically connect to the strongest available local signal, including mesh and peer-based networks, ensuring continuous access even during regional outages.
“Roam users can see in real time what works where,” Angelov explained. “No guesswork during outages — even when centralized backbones fail.”
Experts argue that blockchain’s resistance to censorship depends not only on decentralized finance or governance models, but also on decentralized internet infrastructure.
“If decentralization stops at the protocol layer, we haven’t solved the problem — we’ve just shifted where the control lies,” Angelov said.
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